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animals with three cellular body wall layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
a thick, sticky liquid in which all the other nuclear components are suspended.
the movement of respiratory gases across a respiratory surface.
the collection and disposal or recycling of waste materials and the monitoring of waste.
having similar parts regularly arranged around a central axis.
(also called pith rays) sections of the medulla that occur between the vascular bundles.